Leia o texto a seguir.

Let’s be clear. The United States has no official language. It was quite intentionally left out of the constitutional process by the founders.

Despite this, there is a growing “English Only” movement in the U.S., which represents the white, Anglo supremacy in this country. To say that people must speak English is not an innocent statement rooted in a desire to have a functioning society as is often asserted by those who argue for English-Only legislation. Demanding, mandating, and forcing those who don’t speak English to do so has been a tool of cultural genocide in an anti-immigration line in the United States for a very long time. While English-Only campaigns have targeted just about every non-English-speaking group of immigrants in the history of the U.S., the current movement is largely targeted at Spanish-speaking Latino immigrants. As a result, the English-Only movement, as has often been the case in our history, is inextricably tied to racism against those who do not speak English (or don’t speak it in the white vernacular that is prized by our dominant culture).

It’s time for us to change what it means when people say “Speak American”. Rather than an intolerant call for people to speak white, let’s change our cultural reality so that “Speak American” implies that someone speaks multiple languages, enhancing our cultural landscape and furthering their own cognitive functioning in the process.

(Adaptado de: UTT, J. Speak American – Multilingualism and the English-Only Movement. May, 12 2011.
Disponível em: <http://changefromwithin.org/2011/05/12/speak-american/>. Acesso em: 15 jul. 2012.)

a) O texto discute a proposta do Movimento denominado “English Only”, nos Estados Unidos, de tornar o inglês a língua oficial do país. Segundo o autor, qual parece ser a verdadeira motivação desse Movimento?
b) O autor defende um novo significado para o slogan “Speak American”. Qual é esse significado?